Vopium is all mobile as in normally software requires both the caller and the receiver to sit in front of computer where as in case of Vopium you can call from your mobile phone. Vopium allows you to save up to 90% when making international calls or sending SMS from your mobile phone in your home country - and this without changing your current operator or SIM-card. You pay your mobile provider for a local call and Vopium for the international call. With Vopium WiFi you can even make 100% free calls and avoid roaming charges when abroad. Vopium seems to be different from many other VoIP service as it routes calls to either GSM WIFI and SIP based on its intelligent software so that users gets less costs while calling international.
Vopium is available for over 500 GSM handsets from over 20 hardware vendors and they impressively have very detailed how to guides with screenshots on their website http://vopium.com/handsets.
Here is how you can get free Vopium software
Vopium is a free software application which is installed on your mobile phone. Here is how you get it on your phone
STEP 1 you send a message "Get" to +447781480717 .
Step 2 you receive a SMS text message with a link to the application. You download by clicking on the link or opening it via options. The download typically takes less than a minute.
Once installed you are entitled to use 30 Minutes free and 30 SMS.
Vopium is the first mobile VoIP provider to offer mobile backup - a free service which allows Vopium customers to store their address book contacts and calendar securely online. Integrated with the Vopium application, Vopium Sync backs up a user’s contacts and calendar direct to their online Vopium account. If a user loses their phone, all they need to do is log on to their Vopium account and retrieve their saved contacts and calendar items. They can also log into their online account at any time and edit contacts and calendar items.
Tuesday, April 21, 2009
Tuesday, April 7, 2009
Exercise 10
1} i visited the Microsoft site and tried some search to find the e-commerce in their database products.I found article at http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/1999/may99/edwardspr.mspx
Which shows that J.D. Edwards intends to deliver e-commerce solutions based on Microsoft Site Server 3.0 Commerce Edition and the BizTalk framework.the aticle shows that By integrating One World with Site Server Commerce Edition,will help businesses deploy and manage business-to-consumer, corporate-purchasing and supply-chain management. The integration also includes a comprehensive set of server components, management tools and sample sites to significantly reduce development time and costs.This article alos show how the integration of different product is used to provide the best e-commerce application.
Do find how micrsoft compare its product aith Open souce product i found a article at
https://partner.microsoft.com/brasil/40029886 which leverage the findings in this IPED study which shows Microsoft's Web Application Platform More Profitable than Open Source. The article states that the Microsoft partners are earning up to 40 percent more profit than those offering open-source products and services. The article show that 6 areas of differential between open source and Microsoft.
2} Integration and role of AJAX in enterprise:
If I think about the companies IT infrastructure , Most companies have a hodgepodge of systems that each perform a unique set of functions.. The problem arises where multiple systems cannot work together. There is no standardization. There is no commonality that interconnects these disparate systems so they can act as one. This is where integration comes into play.
If the integration concept is followed corely the companies would be able to achieve their strategic IT objective to increase utilization and efficiency of existing infrastructure investments.
AJAX is not a new technology but a combination of several existing technologies in a new way. These include HTML, CSS, DOM, XML, XSLT, XMLHttpRequest and Javascript. The acronym AJAX stands for Asynchronous Javascript and XML. AJAX is based on open standards supported by many browsers and platforms. AJAX is a new paradigm for building web application. (Arlekar, 2006)
AJAX is really about the end user. With AJAX features, a Web application is much more interactive, more responsive. It's faster and friendlier. The user is encouraged to do more with the page as interaction and responses (and feedback in case of slow operations) are all handled more elegantly. Overall, the user has a much better experience.
The architecture of AJAX is show below
.gif)
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163363.aspx
Some example of AJAX at work is Google services like Maps, Gmail, Suggest, Reader use it.
3} I tried to find the similarities between Ruby on rails And Action script but can’t really fin d anything. so I referred to the blog of other student for the subject. In Dennis blog i found this which states that Programmer can use model-view-controller MVC design pattern in coding their Action Script 2.0 (Moock, 2004). But Ruby on Rails is a full-stack MVC framework for database-backed web applications, let coding by favour convention over configuration (Alameda, 2008).
Which shows that J.D. Edwards intends to deliver e-commerce solutions based on Microsoft Site Server 3.0 Commerce Edition and the BizTalk framework.the aticle shows that By integrating One World with Site Server Commerce Edition,will help businesses deploy and manage business-to-consumer, corporate-purchasing and supply-chain management. The integration also includes a comprehensive set of server components, management tools and sample sites to significantly reduce development time and costs.This article alos show how the integration of different product is used to provide the best e-commerce application.
Do find how micrsoft compare its product aith Open souce product i found a article at
https://partner.microsoft.com/brasil/40029886 which leverage the findings in this IPED study which shows Microsoft's Web Application Platform More Profitable than Open Source. The article states that the Microsoft partners are earning up to 40 percent more profit than those offering open-source products and services. The article show that 6 areas of differential between open source and Microsoft.
2} Integration and role of AJAX in enterprise:
If I think about the companies IT infrastructure , Most companies have a hodgepodge of systems that each perform a unique set of functions.. The problem arises where multiple systems cannot work together. There is no standardization. There is no commonality that interconnects these disparate systems so they can act as one. This is where integration comes into play.
If the integration concept is followed corely the companies would be able to achieve their strategic IT objective to increase utilization and efficiency of existing infrastructure investments.
AJAX is not a new technology but a combination of several existing technologies in a new way. These include HTML, CSS, DOM, XML, XSLT, XMLHttpRequest and Javascript. The acronym AJAX stands for Asynchronous Javascript and XML. AJAX is based on open standards supported by many browsers and platforms. AJAX is a new paradigm for building web application. (Arlekar, 2006)
AJAX is really about the end user. With AJAX features, a Web application is much more interactive, more responsive. It's faster and friendlier. The user is encouraged to do more with the page as interaction and responses (and feedback in case of slow operations) are all handled more elegantly. Overall, the user has a much better experience.
The architecture of AJAX is show below
.gif)
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163363.aspx
Some example of AJAX at work is Google services like Maps, Gmail, Suggest, Reader use it.
3} I tried to find the similarities between Ruby on rails And Action script but can’t really fin d anything. so I referred to the blog of other student for the subject. In Dennis blog i found this which states that Programmer can use model-view-controller MVC design pattern in coding their Action Script 2.0 (Moock, 2004). But Ruby on Rails is a full-stack MVC framework for database-backed web applications, let coding by favour convention over configuration (Alameda, 2008).
Monday, April 6, 2009
Reference's
Works Cited
Aitchison, R. Pro DNS and BIND.
Giuliano Araujo Bertoti, F. A. (n.d.). SMIl Extension to the development of iTV . Retrieved march 23, 2009, from Technological Institute of Aeronautics (ITA) -
Computer Science Division : http://72.14.235.132/search?q=cache:aw2t70ggQtMJ:www.csd.abdn.ac.uk/~jmasthof/EuroITV04/S12.pdf+SMIL+application&cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=au
Ian Foster, C. K. (2004). The Grid. (E. 2, Ed.) Morgan Kaufmann.
Kyrnin, J. (n.d.). Tool to read your XML. Retrieved from About-Web design/HTML: http://webdesign.about.com/library/weekly/aa103000a.htm
Mishra, S. (n.d.). greekinterview questions. Retrieved march 20, 2009, from Greekinterview: http://www.geekinterview.com/question_details/39128
Najbat. (2006, 9 28). Diffrence between .net and java. pakistan.
Najjar, L. J. (n.d.). Rapid Prototyping. Retrieved March 19, 2009, from Lawerence J.Nijjar website: http://www.lawrence-najjar.com/papers/Rapid_prototyping.html
Wireless, P. (n.d.). Wap portal,Gateways and Intersecting Sites. Retrieved march 21, 2009, from Palowireless website: http://www.palowireless.com/wap/portals.asp
Aitchison, R. Pro DNS and BIND.
Giuliano Araujo Bertoti, F. A. (n.d.). SMIl Extension to the development of iTV . Retrieved march 23, 2009, from Technological Institute of Aeronautics (ITA) -
Computer Science Division : http://72.14.235.132/search?q=cache:aw2t70ggQtMJ:www.csd.abdn.ac.uk/~jmasthof/EuroITV04/S12.pdf+SMIL+application&cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=au
Ian Foster, C. K. (2004). The Grid. (E. 2, Ed.) Morgan Kaufmann.
Kyrnin, J. (n.d.). Tool to read your XML. Retrieved from About-Web design/HTML: http://webdesign.about.com/library/weekly/aa103000a.htm
Mishra, S. (n.d.). greekinterview questions. Retrieved march 20, 2009, from Greekinterview: http://www.geekinterview.com/question_details/39128
Najbat. (2006, 9 28). Diffrence between .net and java. pakistan.
Najjar, L. J. (n.d.). Rapid Prototyping. Retrieved March 19, 2009, from Lawerence J.Nijjar website: http://www.lawrence-najjar.com/papers/Rapid_prototyping.html
Wireless, P. (n.d.). Wap portal,Gateways and Intersecting Sites. Retrieved march 21, 2009, from Palowireless website: http://www.palowireless.com/wap/portals.asp
workshop 4
WORKSHOP ----4----
If command is used if you want to execute some code only if a specified condition is true.The syntax difference between Ruby and JavaScript is given below:
EXAMPLE OF RUBY IF COMMAND:
if var == 10
print "Variable is 10″
end
EXAMPLE OF JAVSCRPIT IF COMMAND:
if (condition)
{
code to be executed if condition is true
}
(ruby and javascrpit, 2008)
Similarities of Ruby and JavaScript:
* Memory is managed for you via a garbage collector.
* There’s public, private, and protected methods.
(Talim, 2008)
If command is used if you want to execute some code only if a specified condition is true.The syntax difference between Ruby and JavaScript is given below:
EXAMPLE OF RUBY IF COMMAND:
if var == 10
print "Variable is 10″
end
EXAMPLE OF JAVSCRPIT IF COMMAND:
if (condition)
{
code to be executed if condition is true
}
(ruby and javascrpit, 2008)
Similarities of Ruby and JavaScript:
* Memory is managed for you via a garbage collector.
* There’s public, private, and protected methods.
(Talim, 2008)
workshop 3
WORKSHOP ----3-----
Again I tried install ROR, I was struggling with the laptop for around 3 hours and at last i was success full but the problem is that i cannot get to the main page of ROR. Only the cookbook was installed but could not get to the main page.
So i used SQL to create PASSANGER table using Create Table Command.
Again I tried install ROR, I was struggling with the laptop for around 3 hours and at last i was success full but the problem is that i cannot get to the main page of ROR. Only the cookbook was installed but could not get to the main page.
So i used SQL to create PASSANGER table using Create Table Command.
workshop 2
Workshop -----2-----
Configuring Ruby on Rails:
I downloaded the Instant rail version 2.0 from internet .but when i tried to extract the Zip file ,i could not found the exe .file. Then I went to our lecturer Mr. Ken .and we sent but 2 hour trying to set-up Ruby on rails on my laptop.
Somehow we did succeeded, we were able to run cookbook where we created 2 recipes.
But when we shut the application down there was no way to start it again. Every time we need to run the .exe from the zip folder. Ken tried find the solution but no use.
I felt the installation is very technical. I am attached the commands we used to run the ROR with the posting.
After 2 hour of hardship we were again at same position with Zip folder of ROR.
So i decided to use SQL for creating the tables we needed for the workshop. On other hand side i am trying to find solution to my problem of ROR as ken said that there is some problem with ROR working with Vista.
“Convention over configuration”
Convention over Configuration (aka Coding by convention) is a software design paradigm which seeks to decrease the number of decisions that developers need to make, gaining simplicity, but not necessarily losing flexibility. (unanymous, 2009)
"Convention over Configuration" means a developer only needs to specify unconventional aspects of the application. For example, if there is a class Sale in the model, the corresponding table in the database is called sales by default. It is only if one deviates from this convention, such as calling the table "products sold", that the developer needs to write code regarding these names. Generally, this leads to less code and less repetition.
Configuring Ruby on Rails:
I downloaded the Instant rail version 2.0 from internet .but when i tried to extract the Zip file ,i could not found the exe .file. Then I went to our lecturer Mr. Ken .and we sent but 2 hour trying to set-up Ruby on rails on my laptop.
Somehow we did succeeded, we were able to run cookbook where we created 2 recipes.
But when we shut the application down there was no way to start it again. Every time we need to run the .exe from the zip folder. Ken tried find the solution but no use.
I felt the installation is very technical. I am attached the commands we used to run the ROR with the posting.
After 2 hour of hardship we were again at same position with Zip folder of ROR.
So i decided to use SQL for creating the tables we needed for the workshop. On other hand side i am trying to find solution to my problem of ROR as ken said that there is some problem with ROR working with Vista.
“Convention over configuration”
Convention over Configuration (aka Coding by convention) is a software design paradigm which seeks to decrease the number of decisions that developers need to make, gaining simplicity, but not necessarily losing flexibility. (unanymous, 2009)
"Convention over Configuration" means a developer only needs to specify unconventional aspects of the application. For example, if there is a class Sale in the model, the corresponding table in the database is called sales by default. It is only if one deviates from this convention, such as calling the table "products sold", that the developer needs to write code regarding these names. Generally, this leads to less code and less repetition.
workshop 1
WORKSHOP ----1----
List of all programming languages and Web development tools used:
C
C++
HTML
SQL
ORCALE
LINUX
A web application framework is a software framework that is designed to support the development of dynamic websites, Web applications and Web services. The framework aims to alleviate the overhead associated with common activities used in Web development. For example, many frameworks provide libraries for database access, templating frameworks and session management, and often promote code reuse. (unanymous, Web application framework)
Ruby is “an interpreted scripting language” for quick and easy object-oriented programming”.
Ruby is an interpreted language, so you don’t have to recompile programs written in Ruby to execute them.
Ruby uses an abstract syntax tree as intermediate representation. The intermediate representation can be compiled once and for all each time before execution or each time a change in the source is detected before execution
What is Rails and how does it work with Ruby?
Rails are self-contained application directory, that contains all your files within it. Unit tests, models, database schemas, documentation, everything. The Ruby language is similar to Javascript in that it’s highly dynamic, you can modify classes at runtime, and has some very elegant language features (lucas, 2006)
convention over configuration
Convention over Configuration (aka Coding by convention) is a software design paradigm which seeks to decrease the number of decisions that developers need to make, gaining simplicity, but not necessarily losing flexibility. (unanymous, 2009)
"Convention over Configuration" means a developer only needs to specify unconventional aspects of the application. For example, if there is a class Sale in the model, the corresponding table in the database is called sales by default. It is only if one deviates from this convention, such as calling the table "products sold", that the developer needs to write code regarding these names. Generally, this leads to less code and less repetition.
Ruby on rails is one of the frameworks which closely follows concept of minimal configuration . Rails provides its own ActiveRecord library that deals with mappings between a class and a table in the database. By convention, the table name is a pluralized form of the class name. Thus, the class Post will have a table called Posts. Rails also handles peculiar words such as sheep which has the plural form sheep and octopus which has the plural form octopi. For more complex or legacy table names such as ShopInventory, the user would have to configure the mapping between the table name and class name
(Chen., 2006)
When did Model-View-Controller begin and where is it used?
MVC was first described in 1979[1] by Trygve Reenskaug, then working on Smalltalk at Xerox PARC. The original implementation is described in depth in the influential paper Applications Programming in Smalltalk-80: How to use Model–View–Controller. (anonymous, 2009)
MVC is used to modularize the user interface functionality of a Web application so that you can easily modify the individual parts. It is also used to manger the updation on the view that means it is used incorporate the updated in view with all other view which are being affected.
It is also helpful to the developers as it separates the business logics from the developing efficient HTML pages.MVC is used where to avoid the time consuming part of testing as it incorporates automated tests for user interfaces.
List of all programming languages and Web development tools used:
C
C++
HTML
SQL
ORCALE
LINUX
A web application framework is a software framework that is designed to support the development of dynamic websites, Web applications and Web services. The framework aims to alleviate the overhead associated with common activities used in Web development. For example, many frameworks provide libraries for database access, templating frameworks and session management, and often promote code reuse. (unanymous, Web application framework)
Ruby is “an interpreted scripting language” for quick and easy object-oriented programming”.
Ruby is an interpreted language, so you don’t have to recompile programs written in Ruby to execute them.
Ruby uses an abstract syntax tree as intermediate representation. The intermediate representation can be compiled once and for all each time before execution or each time a change in the source is detected before execution
What is Rails and how does it work with Ruby?
Rails are self-contained application directory, that contains all your files within it. Unit tests, models, database schemas, documentation, everything. The Ruby language is similar to Javascript in that it’s highly dynamic, you can modify classes at runtime, and has some very elegant language features (lucas, 2006)
convention over configuration
Convention over Configuration (aka Coding by convention) is a software design paradigm which seeks to decrease the number of decisions that developers need to make, gaining simplicity, but not necessarily losing flexibility. (unanymous, 2009)
"Convention over Configuration" means a developer only needs to specify unconventional aspects of the application. For example, if there is a class Sale in the model, the corresponding table in the database is called sales by default. It is only if one deviates from this convention, such as calling the table "products sold", that the developer needs to write code regarding these names. Generally, this leads to less code and less repetition.
Ruby on rails is one of the frameworks which closely follows concept of minimal configuration . Rails provides its own ActiveRecord library that deals with mappings between a class and a table in the database. By convention, the table name is a pluralized form of the class name. Thus, the class Post will have a table called Posts. Rails also handles peculiar words such as sheep which has the plural form sheep and octopus which has the plural form octopi. For more complex or legacy table names such as ShopInventory, the user would have to configure the mapping between the table name and class name
(Chen., 2006)
When did Model-View-Controller begin and where is it used?
MVC was first described in 1979[1] by Trygve Reenskaug, then working on Smalltalk at Xerox PARC. The original implementation is described in depth in the influential paper Applications Programming in Smalltalk-80: How to use Model–View–Controller. (anonymous, 2009)
MVC is used to modularize the user interface functionality of a Web application so that you can easily modify the individual parts. It is also used to manger the updation on the view that means it is used incorporate the updated in view with all other view which are being affected.
It is also helpful to the developers as it separates the business logics from the developing efficient HTML pages.MVC is used where to avoid the time consuming part of testing as it incorporates automated tests for user interfaces.
Exercise 11
Exercise 11: XML Introduction
1] XML Parsers
• Internet Explorer 5 XML Parser
Internet Explorer 4 was the first Web browser to include a parser, and IE5 includes a good XML parser.
• Expat
Expat is an XML 1.0 parser that is free for private and commercial use.
• Lark
Lark is a non-validating XML parser written in Java.
(Kyrnin)
2] The benefits of adoption a standardized scheme is ,easy of using a single platform by all the business.
Any new introductions will minimum follow the standard, which will help to provide better understanding
Using a standards in business decrease the risk of incompatibility
3] SMIL stands for Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language
SMIL allows integrating a set of independent multimedia objects into a synchronized multimedia presentation. Using SMIL, an author can
1. Describe the temporal behaviour of the presentation
2. Describe the layout of the presentation on a screen
3. Associate hyperlinks with media objects
4. Define conditional content inclusion/exclusion based on
System/network properties
SMIL language is popular in media types Real Audio and Real Video. In addition, they have added some new media types Real Pix (graphics), Real Text and Real Flash. All these media types are tied together through SMIL and all are streamed for playback in the Real Player. SMIL is used to develop multimedia applications for the web platform. SMIL can later become a standard to develop applications for the iTV platform.
(Giuliano Araujo Bertoti)
1] XML Parsers
• Internet Explorer 5 XML Parser
Internet Explorer 4 was the first Web browser to include a parser, and IE5 includes a good XML parser.
• Expat
Expat is an XML 1.0 parser that is free for private and commercial use.
• Lark
Lark is a non-validating XML parser written in Java.
(Kyrnin)
2] The benefits of adoption a standardized scheme is ,easy of using a single platform by all the business.
Any new introductions will minimum follow the standard, which will help to provide better understanding
Using a standards in business decrease the risk of incompatibility
3] SMIL stands for Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language
SMIL allows integrating a set of independent multimedia objects into a synchronized multimedia presentation. Using SMIL, an author can
1. Describe the temporal behaviour of the presentation
2. Describe the layout of the presentation on a screen
3. Associate hyperlinks with media objects
4. Define conditional content inclusion/exclusion based on
System/network properties
SMIL language is popular in media types Real Audio and Real Video. In addition, they have added some new media types Real Pix (graphics), Real Text and Real Flash. All these media types are tied together through SMIL and all are streamed for playback in the Real Player. SMIL is used to develop multimedia applications for the web platform. SMIL can later become a standard to develop applications for the iTV platform.
(Giuliano Araujo Bertoti)
Exercise 8
Exercise 8:PHP and MySQL database access
1.
Start with a simple table in the database:
mysql> SELECT * FROM employees;
2.
Create a web page with the following PHP:
$db = mysql_connect(“localhost", “username", “password");
mysql_select_db(“mydatabase",$db);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
echo "First Name: ", mysql_result($result,0,"first"), "
";
echo "Last Name: ", mysql_result($result,0,"last"), "
";
echo "Address: ", mysql_result($result,0,"address"), "
";
echo "Position: ", mysql_result($result,0,"position"), "
";
?>
3.
This is how we can add a record and is part of a file to create called add_record.html
4.
The corresponding PHP file is add_record.php used with the POST method:
mysql_select_db(“mydatabase",$db);
$result = mysql_query("INERT INTO employees (first,last,address,position) VALUES ('$first','$last','$address','$position')");
if ($result == 1) { echo "Thank you! Your information has been entered.“;
} else {
echo "Sorry, there's a problem";
}
?>
5.
The last code example shows how to get multiple records:
$db = mysql_connect(“localhost", “username", "password");
mysql_select_db(“mydatabase",$db);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
echo "\n";
";
?>
19
1.
Start with a simple table in the database:
mysql> SELECT * FROM employees;
2.
Create a web page with the following PHP:
$db = mysql_connect(“localhost", “username", “password");
mysql_select_db(“mydatabase",$db);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
echo "First Name: ", mysql_result($result,0,"first"), "
";
echo "Last Name: ", mysql_result($result,0,"last"), "
";
echo "Address: ", mysql_result($result,0,"address"), "
";
echo "Position: ", mysql_result($result,0,"position"), "
";
?>
3.
This is how we can add a record and is part of a file to create called add_record.html
4.
The corresponding PHP file is add_record.php used with the POST method:
mysql_select_db(“mydatabase",$db);
$result = mysql_query("INERT INTO employees (first,last,address,position) VALUES ('$first','$last','$address','$position')");
if ($result == 1) { echo "Thank you! Your information has been entered.“;
} else {
echo "Sorry, there's a problem";
}
?>
5.
The last code example shows how to get multiple records:
$db = mysql_connect(“localhost", “username", "password");
mysql_select_db(“mydatabase",$db);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
echo "
| Name | Position |
| ", $myrow[2], ", ", $myrow[1], " | ", $myrow[3], " |
";
?>
19
Exercise 7
Create an HTML page with the form:
2. Then, create a PHP file named submit.php with the following code:
echo “Hello, “, $myname;
?>
2. Then, create a PHP file named submit.php with the following code:
echo “Hello, “, $myname;
?>
Exercise 6
1. In this exercise with can call up and examine some environment variables on the server. The code below has the UNIX environment variable for storing your remote Internet address. UNIX environment variable are recognised by the use of upper case letters. Try the same code by replacing with $REMOTE_ADDR $SERVER_NAME, or $PHP_SELF
echo “You are connected from: “,$REMOTE_ADDR;
echo “
”;
?>
2. Create a web application called “hello_world.php” which contains in the body:
$myvar = “Hello World!”;
echo $myvar;
?>
echo “You are connected from: “,$REMOTE_ADDR;
echo “
”;
?>
2. Create a web application called “hello_world.php” which contains in the body:
$myvar = “Hello World!”;
echo $myvar;
?>
Exercise 5
Exercise 5: Network and programming frameworks
1] Paltalk is client/server chat program which uses plug-in to provide additional, on demand functions.Paltalk provides service for text, voice and video chatting. It uses various plug-in to support multiple users.
2] The term “peer-to-peer” (P2P) refers to a class of systems and applications that employ distributed resources to perform a function in a decentralized manner. Some of the chartesitics of p2p are:
v Decentralization
v Scalability
v Anonymity
v Self-Organization
v Cost of Ownership
v Ad-Hoc Connectivity
v Performance
v Security
v Transparency and Usability
v Fault Resilience
v Interoperability
(Ian Foster, 2004)
Grid computing (or the use of a computational grid) is the application of several computers to a single problem at the same time – usually to a scientific or technical problem that requires a great number of computer processing cycles or access to large amounts of data. Grid computing requires the use of software that can divide and farm out pieces of a program to as many as several thousand computers. Grid computing can be thought of as distributed and large-scale cluster computing and as a form of network-distributed parallel processing.
Grid computing appears to be a promising trend for three reasons:
v cost-effective use of a given amount of computer resources
v To solve problems that can't be approached without an enormous amount of computing power
v Resources of many computers can be cooperatively and managed as collaboration toward a common objective.
Architecture of Grid Computing:
1] Paltalk is client/server chat program which uses plug-in to provide additional, on demand functions.Paltalk provides service for text, voice and video chatting. It uses various plug-in to support multiple users.
2] The term “peer-to-peer” (P2P) refers to a class of systems and applications that employ distributed resources to perform a function in a decentralized manner. Some of the chartesitics of p2p are:
v Decentralization
v Scalability
v Anonymity
v Self-Organization
v Cost of Ownership
v Ad-Hoc Connectivity
v Performance
v Security
v Transparency and Usability
v Fault Resilience
v Interoperability
(Ian Foster, 2004)
Grid computing (or the use of a computational grid) is the application of several computers to a single problem at the same time – usually to a scientific or technical problem that requires a great number of computer processing cycles or access to large amounts of data. Grid computing requires the use of software that can divide and farm out pieces of a program to as many as several thousand computers. Grid computing can be thought of as distributed and large-scale cluster computing and as a form of network-distributed parallel processing.
Grid computing appears to be a promising trend for three reasons:
v cost-effective use of a given amount of computer resources
v To solve problems that can't be approached without an enormous amount of computing power
v Resources of many computers can be cooperatively and managed as collaboration toward a common objective.
Architecture of Grid Computing:
The peer to peer architecture:
3] The major difference between java and .net framework is that Java has always been a Single language shared by multiple Platforms. Whereas .Net is based on multiple languages shared by single Platform.
v Java is based on java language only whereas .net provide multiple language support which include c, c++, vb.net, PERL(Najbat, 2006)
v Java is a programming language designed to be run on many different platforms, and so uses a common language which has to be compiled and run on different platforms (e.g. Windows, Mac and Linux). .NET, takes on a different approach, by allowing you to program in any language you choose, but has compilers for many different languages that generates a platform specific code.
v Java is multiplatform so its set of Framework Classes is limited to what is available on all platforms. While .Net has set of all the Classes available on Microsoft Platform.
v Java has support to open source platform while .Net has no direct support for Open source Platforms.(Mishra)
Exercise 4
Exercise: Virtual Private Networks.
1] IP refers to Internet Protocol which is used to provide routing function across multiple networks, regardless of the application that are exchanging data, and also provides reliable delivery of data.
IP works at Transport layer, which provides a connectionless packet delivery service.
DNS stand for Domain Name Server, which is a internet directory service.DNS works as a “phonebook” for the internet by translating human readable computer hostnames, e.g .http://www.example.com/ ,into IP addresses, e.g. 208.77.188.166, which networking equipment needs to deliver information.
Domain Names consist of up to 63 characters
Case-insensitive, but most implementations propagate case
Alphanumeric characters and the '-' (hyphen) character are allowed
Shorter names are helpful for poor typists
Sibling nodes MUST be unique
This rule makes the entire Name Space collision-free
Leaf nodes' labels are still Domain Names
Although most people usually just call them hostnames
(Aitchison)
2] TCP Stand for Transmission Control Protocol.TCP works with IP to provide a reliable delivery.TCP support IP to support flow control and congestion mechanism. Since IP is is connection less protocol it depends on TCP to provide a confirmation message of the successful delivery of the data packet .in case the data packets are lost or damaged a negative confirmation ,in such a case the data packets are resend .
TCP also ensure that the sender does not overflow the receiver end by implementing flow control protocols. So to conclude it is appropriate to say that TCP/IP together offer a reliable delivery.
3] The following are some of the E-Business Applications:
v http://venturebeat.com/
v http://allthingsd.com/
v http://www.zdnet.com/
The following link is to the websites which provides a list of top 20 E-Business Websites ranked by a combination of Inbound Links, Google Page Rank, Alexa Rank, and U.S. traffic data from Compete and Quant cast. http://www.ebizmba.com/articles/tech-business
4] VPN refers to Virtual Private networks. The concept of VPN is to provide secure data transfer over a public network. The major benefit is that Establishing WAN options across private lines, ATMs, frame relays with IP VPNs, private networks are secure, they are also far more complex, cumbersome to set up and manage, costly to maintain, inflexible and non-scalable; and also private networks, by design, are limited. Whereas VPNs give freedom and flexibility to scale a business quickly, and cost-effectively, with rapid growth and ubiquitous nature of Internet as it’s key.
http://www.networksedge.com/jpgs/vpn.jpg
TO accomplish this the concept Tunnelling is used.Tunneling is the process of putting one packet inside another .A "tunnel" of privacy between two end-points connected by a public (non-secure) channel. This is often the Internet, but it could equally be the cellular telephone network. In a hide-in-plain-sight fashion, tunnelling provides privacy by encrypting everything that goes into and comes out of a secure tunnel. The two standards of tunnelling emerging are : Microsoft's, known as PPTP (and its derivative L2TP), and everyone else's. The latter goes by the name of the IP Security protocol, or IPSec. To know about these standards in detail the link below will help
http://www.intranetjournal.com/foundation/tunneling.shtml
1] IP refers to Internet Protocol which is used to provide routing function across multiple networks, regardless of the application that are exchanging data, and also provides reliable delivery of data.
IP works at Transport layer, which provides a connectionless packet delivery service.
DNS stand for Domain Name Server, which is a internet directory service.DNS works as a “phonebook” for the internet by translating human readable computer hostnames, e.g .http://www.example.com/ ,into IP addresses, e.g. 208.77.188.166, which networking equipment needs to deliver information.
Domain Names consist of up to 63 characters
Case-insensitive, but most implementations propagate case
Alphanumeric characters and the '-' (hyphen) character are allowed
Shorter names are helpful for poor typists
Sibling nodes MUST be unique
This rule makes the entire Name Space collision-free
Leaf nodes' labels are still Domain Names
Although most people usually just call them hostnames
(Aitchison)
2] TCP Stand for Transmission Control Protocol.TCP works with IP to provide a reliable delivery.TCP support IP to support flow control and congestion mechanism. Since IP is is connection less protocol it depends on TCP to provide a confirmation message of the successful delivery of the data packet .in case the data packets are lost or damaged a negative confirmation ,in such a case the data packets are resend .
TCP also ensure that the sender does not overflow the receiver end by implementing flow control protocols. So to conclude it is appropriate to say that TCP/IP together offer a reliable delivery.
3] The following are some of the E-Business Applications:
v http://venturebeat.com/
v http://allthingsd.com/
v http://www.zdnet.com/
The following link is to the websites which provides a list of top 20 E-Business Websites ranked by a combination of Inbound Links, Google Page Rank, Alexa Rank, and U.S. traffic data from Compete and Quant cast. http://www.ebizmba.com/articles/tech-business
4] VPN refers to Virtual Private networks. The concept of VPN is to provide secure data transfer over a public network. The major benefit is that Establishing WAN options across private lines, ATMs, frame relays with IP VPNs, private networks are secure, they are also far more complex, cumbersome to set up and manage, costly to maintain, inflexible and non-scalable; and also private networks, by design, are limited. Whereas VPNs give freedom and flexibility to scale a business quickly, and cost-effectively, with rapid growth and ubiquitous nature of Internet as it’s key.
http://www.networksedge.com/jpgs/vpn.jpg
TO accomplish this the concept Tunnelling is used.Tunneling is the process of putting one packet inside another .A "tunnel" of privacy between two end-points connected by a public (non-secure) channel. This is often the Internet, but it could equally be the cellular telephone network. In a hide-in-plain-sight fashion, tunnelling provides privacy by encrypting everything that goes into and comes out of a secure tunnel. The two standards of tunnelling emerging are : Microsoft's, known as PPTP (and its derivative L2TP), and everyone else's. The latter goes by the name of the IP Security protocol, or IPSec. To know about these standards in detail the link below will help
http://www.intranetjournal.com/foundation/tunneling.shtml
Exercise 3
Exercise 3: Finding common grounds
http://www.atmwebdesigns.co.uk/Images/Rapid.png
The Rapid Evolutionary prototype is different from the traditional method. In traditional method the waterfall approach was taken in which steps were:
Analysis proposed system
Specify requirement
Design System
Develop System
Release Product
Where as compared to REP the min concept is iterative development in which
Ø The problem is breaked into parts
Ø Teams are formed
Ø Analysis the proposed system
Ø Identify Initial customer requirements
Ø Organize the objects and actions in a logical, easy-to-understand way.
Ø Prototype panels – In this step, your prototyping team works together to prototype a portion of the proposed application user interface
Ø Get feedback
Ø Improve prototype
Ø Iterate – Repeat the “prototype-feedback-improve prototype”
Ø Iterate – Repeat the “prototype-feedback-improve prototype”
Ø Iterate
Ø Release the product
(Najjar)
So the above show that differences between traditional and rapid prototyping is customer involvement and iterative design. Customers are involved only indirectly at the beginning of the traditional process, when marketing and planning specify requirements. In rapid prototyping, customers are involved directly throughout the development process.
Agile development and Rapid prototyping are related in the ways the final system is developed, both the development criterions involves customer /User and are iterative in their development processes.
http://www.atmwebdesigns.co.uk/Images/Rapid.png
The Rapid Evolutionary prototype is different from the traditional method. In traditional method the waterfall approach was taken in which steps were:
Analysis proposed system
Specify requirement
Design System
Develop System
Release Product
Where as compared to REP the min concept is iterative development in which
Ø The problem is breaked into parts
Ø Teams are formed
Ø Analysis the proposed system
Ø Identify Initial customer requirements
Ø Organize the objects and actions in a logical, easy-to-understand way.
Ø Prototype panels – In this step, your prototyping team works together to prototype a portion of the proposed application user interface
Ø Get feedback
Ø Improve prototype
Ø Iterate – Repeat the “prototype-feedback-improve prototype”
Ø Iterate – Repeat the “prototype-feedback-improve prototype”
Ø Iterate
Ø Release the product
(Najjar)
So the above show that differences between traditional and rapid prototyping is customer involvement and iterative design. Customers are involved only indirectly at the beginning of the traditional process, when marketing and planning specify requirements. In rapid prototyping, customers are involved directly throughout the development process.
Agile development and Rapid prototyping are related in the ways the final system is developed, both the development criterions involves customer /User and are iterative in their development processes.
Exercise 2
Exercise2: Techonolgy and the evolution of the business options
The following mentioned sites offer different business options:
Ø Online shopping: www.bigbrownbox.com.au
http://www.iloveabargain.com.au
Ø Electronic Payment: http://www.securepay.com.au/
http://www.earthport.com/
Ø Database access: http://www.dbgurus.com.au
http://www.cypherbyte.com.au/
Ø WAP Sites for Mobile phones: http://wap.go.com/wireless/abcnews/index
http://wap.aol.com/portal/
(Wireless)
The following mentioned sites offer different business options:
Ø Online shopping: www.bigbrownbox.com.au
http://www.iloveabargain.com.au
Ø Electronic Payment: http://www.securepay.com.au/
http://www.earthport.com/
Ø Database access: http://www.dbgurus.com.au
http://www.cypherbyte.com.au/
Ø WAP Sites for Mobile phones: http://wap.go.com/wireless/abcnews/index
http://wap.aol.com/portal/
(Wireless)
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